When researching lithium batteries, we often hear the terms "series" and "parallel".
"What is the difference between series and parallel", "Can Superpack batteries be connected in series" similar questions.
Series connection refers to connect 2 or more batteries together to increase voltage of the battery system, and to keep the same of capacity. Keep in mind, series connection must need the same voltage, capacity and production lot. Otherwise, you may damage the battery.
What are the batteries in series?
They are connecting from one battery’s positive to another’s negative till to the voltage expectation. When charging batteries in series, you have to utilize a charger which matches the system voltage. We recommend to charging each battery individually, or with a multi-bank charger to avoid imbalance between batteries.
Look at the image as below, they are two 12V batteries in series to turn into a 24V system and the capacity is keeping same of 100 Ah.
Parallel connection refers to connect 2 or more batteries together to increase capacity of the battery systems, and to keep the same voltage. Keep in mind, parallel connection also must need the same voltage, capacity and production lot. Otherwise, you may damage the battery.
What are the batteries in parallel? They are connecting from one battery’s positive to another’s positive, and the same with negative till to the capacity expectation.
Pay attention, when charging batteries in parallel, you have to utilize a charger which matches the standard voltage, meanwhile, it is not meant to allow the charging current is higher than the permission of the standard of individual battery. It’s an important note that the parallel battery system needs to charge a longer time.
Look at the image as below, they are two 12V batteries in parallel to turn into a 200AH system and the voltage is keeping same of 12V.
Can Superpack LiFePO4 batteries be connected in series or in parallel?Although ST and BL series batteries can be in series or parallel, we recommend using a customized battery to avoid
several batteries in series or parallel. Fill in the questionnaire on page 14 to develop a customized battery, please!
For cost, space, temporarily use or other reasons, we can accept several batteries to be in series or parallel as per
the following instructions although there is still risk and performance compromise,
• LT series and LB series batteries cannot connect in series or parallel.
• Do not reverse the polarity of the LT series and LB series batteries. The charger with anti-reverse polarity is recommended.
• BL series batteries can be 4 in series and 4 in parallel (4S4P, 16 batteries) at most.
• Some ST series batteries can be 6 in series and some can be 4 in series. Check "batteries in series" from Superpack’s
short-form specification, user guide or brochure, please.
• The batteries should have the same SOC, voltage & impedance when connecting them in series or parallel.
• Ensure all batteries were fully charged individually by matched chargers before connecting them in series or parallel.
• The purpose of connecting in parallel is to increase the capacity, not to increase the discharging current to avoid some batteries cut-off discharging earlier than others. Higher capacity batteries are recommended to avoid several batteries in parallel.
• Do not connect Superpack 12V LiFePO4 battery to other chemistry, lots, manufacturers, series, impedance, voltage
or capacity battery.
• Once in series or parallel configuration ensure maintenance such as voltage, impedance inspection or a full charge
is completed every 6 months at least.
• Once in series or parallel configuration, the system must be charged and discharged as a system. If one battery
needs to be replaced, the whole system should be replaced.
• If you have special requirements on series or parallel installation, Superpack can offer you another solution.